Block diagram of op amp pdf

Here the block diagram is given below. In the below diagram the biasing terminals and the name of each block are given. Explanation of the Block Diagram of Op Amp. Now let's discuss each block and how they work. A simplified block diagram with some additional information is given below. As you see in the above figure there are four blocks. Input Stage: The main function of Op Amp is, at first it creates a difference between the two input signals and then amplify the differentiated signal. So in the Input Stage, the differential amplifier creates the differences.

In this stage, the differential amplifier also provides the high input impedance which is necessary for the operational amplifier. You can see in this stage the dual input balanced output differential amplifier is used which increase the voltage for next stage operation. Intermediate Stage: The output of the input stage is used as the input of the Intermediate Stage. In this stage, the direct coupling happens.

So, in this stage, the DC voltage is greater than the ground potential or 0V. Level Shifting Stage: As in this stage the shifting of voltage level happens that is why it is called Level Shifting Stage. Here the emitter follower with a constant current source is applied.

Output Stage: In this stage, the push-pull amplifier is used. The output of the level shifting stage is given to the input of the push-pull amplifier. The push-pull amplifier increases the output voltage and high current delivering capability of the operational amplifier.

Read Also:. Thank you for visiting the website. You May Also Like:. In this stage direct coupling is used, which makes the dc voltage at the output of the intermediate stage above ground potential.

Therefore, the dc level at its output must be shifted down to 0Volts with respect to the ground. For this, the level shifting stage is used where usually an emitter follower with the constant current source is applied. The level shifted signal is then given to the output stage where a push-pull amplifier increases the output voltage swing of the signal and also increases the current supplying capability of the op-amp. The above shown symbol is the most widely used op-amp symbol for all electronic circuits.

Amplifier signals with frequency range from 0Hz to 1MHz. We have already explained differential amplifier and its working in an earlier post. You can check the links here — Differential Amplifier. Shown below is a differential amplifier circuit that is modified to use an op-amp. This constitutes the basic op-amp circuit and explains about the input characteristics of a typical op-amp IC.

The basic configuration of the circuit is drawn above. Two transistors Q1 and Q2 are provided, in which the input is provided to the base of both the transistors.

Both the transistor emitters are connected to a common emitter RE so that the two input signals are affected by either or both input signals.

In the circuit diagram, there is no indication of common ground point. It must be understood that the opposite points of both positive and negative voltage supplies are connected to the ground.

When input at point 1 V1 increases , the emitter current of transistor Q1 increases, and thus causes an increase of voltage at top of the emitter resistance RE. Thus it decreases the base-emitter voltage VBE of transistor Q2. This brings us to the conclusion that there is will be an increase in output voltage when there is an increase in input voltage V1.

This why V1 is considered as the non-inverting input. Vout is in phase with V1. In another instant, when the voltage V2 increases, the collector current of Q2 increases, and makes way for a voltage drop in collector resistance and thus a decreased output voltage VOUT. This is why V2 is considered as the inverting input. VOUT is degrees out of phase with V2. A basic introduction of uA op-amp has already been given. Check out the link below.

Introduction to uA Op-Amp. The article mainly describes what an op-amp is. It also describes about the popularity of th IC, among th different types of op-amps available in the market. The op-amp features, and the need for dual power supply for the IC is also explained. You can understand more about the packaging style, and the op-amp pin assignment along with the different ratings of an ideal op-amp IC.

Some of the basic applications of an op-amp are listed below. Check out the detailed description by clicking on the main links. Op-amp Comparator. The circuit diagram and the working of an op-amp as a comparator are shown in the article.

There are mainly two types of comparators. One is the inverting comparator circuit, and the other is the non-inverting comparator. Both of them are explained with neat waveforms, and the different applications of the circuit are also given.